1437

1437 (MCDXXXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1437th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 437th year of the 2nd millennium, the 37th year of the 15th century, and the 8th year of the 1430s decade. As of the start of 1437, the Gregorian calendar was 9 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.

• Foundation of All Souls College, University of Oxford.
• Ulugh Beg's Zij-i-Sultani star catalogue is published.
• Kazan Khanate is established.
• Edinbourgh is made the capital of Scotland.

• October 4 – John IV, Duke of Bavaria
• date unknown – Isaac Abrabanel, Jewish statesman (died 1508)
• probable – Elizabeth Woodville, Queen consort of King Edward IV of England (died 1492)

• January 3 – Catherine of Valois, queen of Henry V of England (born 1401)
• February 21 – King James I of Scotland (b. 1394)
• June 10 – Joanna of Navarre, daughter of Charles the Bad, King of Navarre (born 1370)
• November 20 – Thomas Langley, cardinal bishop of Durham and lord chancellor of England (born 1363)
• December 9 – Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1368)
• date unknown
  • Niccolò de' Niccoli, Italian Renaissance humanist (born 1364)
  • John II Stanley of the Isle of Man