1982 Lebanon War

1982 Lebanon War
	Part of Israeli–Palestinian conflict and Lebanese Civil War
	; ; Top: Israeli troops invading Lebanon, 1982; Bottom: A map of the military situation in Lebanon in 1983 Map legend Controlled by the Lebanese Forces and South Lebanon Army Controlled by the Syrian Army and its allies Controlled by the Israeli Defense Forces Presence of United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) ;
Date	6 June 1982 – 5 June 1985; (main phase June–September 1982)
Location	Southern Lebanon
Result	Inconclusive
Territorial; changes	Start of the Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon
Belligerents
Israel; Lebanese Forces; South Lebanon Army;	PLO; Syria; Amal Movement; Al-Mourabitoun Lebanese National Resistance Front LCP; ASAP-L; PSP; CAOL; SSNP-L; ; Others ASALA ; Al-Tawhid ; PKK ;
Commanders and leaders
Israel: Menachem Begin ; (Prime Minister); Ariel Sharon; (Ministry of Defence); Rafael Eitan ; (Army Chief of Staff); David Ivry; (Israeli Air Force); Ze'ev Almog; (Israeli Sea Corps); Yekutiel Adam †; (Deputy Chief of Staff); Lebanese Forces: Bachir Gemayel †; Fadi Frem; Elie Hobeika; SLA: Saad Haddad;	PLO: Yasser Arafat; (Chairman of the PLO); Saad Sayel †; (Fatah Military Chief of Staff); Syria: Hafez al-Assad; (President); Mustafa Tlass; (Minister of Defense); Amal: Nabih Berri; Al-Mourabitoun: Ibrahim Kulaylat; LNRF: George Hawi; Hussein Hamdan; Walid Jumblatt; Muhsin Ibrahim; Inaam Raad; Others: Monte Melkonian; Said Shaaban; Murat Karayılan;
Strength
Israel: 78,000 troops; 800 tanks; 1,500 APCs; 634 aircraft; ; LF: 30,000 troops; ; SLA: 5,000 troops; 97 tanks; ;	PLO: 15,000 troops; 80 tanks; 150 APCs; 350+ artillery pieces; 250+ anti-aircraft guns; Syria: 22,000 troops; 352 tanks; 300 APCs; 450 aircraft; 300 artillery pieces; 100 anti-aircraft guns; 125 SAM batteries;
Casualties and losses
Israel: 654 killed and 3,887 wounded (1982–85); 4 missing; 12 captured; 1 aircraft lost; 2 helicopters lost; ;	PLO: 1,000–2,400 killed; 6,000 captured; Syria: 1,200 killed; 296 captured; 300–350 tanks lost; 150 APCs lost; c. 100 artillery pieces lost; 82–86 aircraft lost; 12 helicopters lost; 29 SAM missile batteries lost; ;
	Total Lebanese: 19,085 killed and 30,000 wounded.; Civilians at Sabra-Shatila massacre: 800-3,500 killed.; Also see Casualties below.

The 1982 Lebanon war was part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and the Lebanese Civil War. It began on 6 June 1982. Israel called it Operation Peace for Galilee. It was later known as the Lebanon war or First Lebanon war. The war started when the Israel Defence Forces (IDF) attacked southern Lebanon. On 3 June 1982 the Abu Nadal Organization tried to assassinate Israel's ambassador to the United Kingdom, Shlomo Argov.^[11] This may have been done to hurt the PLO's reputation.^[11] At the time, however, Israel blamed the PLO for the attempt.^[11] The shooting of the ambassador was the trigger that caused Israel’s invasion of Lebanon.^[12]^[13]

References

↑ "In the Spotlight: PKK (A.k.a KADEK) Kurdish Worker's Party". Cdi.org. Archived from the original on 13 August 2011. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
↑ "Abdullah Öcalan en de ontwikkeling van de PKK". Xs4all.nl. Archived from the original on 15 December 2010. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
↑ "a secret relationship". Niqash.org. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
↑ Uri Ben-Eliezer, War over Peace: One Hundred Years of Israel's Militaristic Nationalism, University of California Press (2019)
↑ Gad Barzilai, Wars, Internal Conflicts, and Political Order: A Jewish Democracy in the Middle East, State University of New York Press (1996)
↑ Gabriel, Richard, A, Operation Peace for Galilee, The Israeli-PLO War in Lebanon, New York: Hill & Wang. 1984, p. 164, 165, ISBN 978-0-8090-7454-9
↑ "Lebanon Demands Payment". The Los Angeles Times. 16 November 1984.
↑ "Israeli General Says Mission Is to Smash P.L.O. in Beirut". The New York Times. 15 June 1982. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
↑ Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness, 1948–1991
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 "The 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon: the casualties". Race & Class. 24 (4): 340–3. 1983. doi:10.1177/030639688302400404. S2CID 220910633.
↑ ^11.0 ^11.1 ^11.2 Robin Wright (2 August 2014). "Another Siege: Israel's War on the P.L.O." The New Yorker. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
↑ The Canadian Press (22 May 2015). "Today in History – June 3". Pacific Newspaper Group. Archived from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
↑ Harvey W. Kushner, Encyclopedia of terrorism Sage Publications (2003), p.13

[PKK1-1] "In the Spotlight: PKK (A.k.a KADEK) Kurdish Worker's Party". Cdi.org. Archived from the original on 13 August 2011. Retrieved 29 February 2012.

[PKK2-2] "Abdullah Öcalan en de ontwikkeling van de PKK". Xs4all.nl. Archived from the original on 15 December 2010. Retrieved 29 February 2012.

[PKK3-3] "a secret relationship". Niqash.org. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 29 February 2012.

[4] Uri Ben-Eliezer, War over Peace: One Hundred Years of Israel's Militaristic Nationalism, University of California Press (2019)

[5] Gad Barzilai, Wars, Internal Conflicts, and Political Order: A Jewish Democracy in the Middle East, State University of New York Press (1996)

[Gabriel-6] Gabriel, Richard, A, Operation Peace for Galilee, The Israeli-PLO War in Lebanon, New York: Hill & Wang. 1984, p. 164, 165, ISBN 978-0-8090-7454-9

[payment-7] "Lebanon Demands Payment". The Los Angeles Times. 16 November 1984.

[8] "Israeli General Says Mission Is to Smash P.L.O. in Beirut". The New York Times. 15 June 1982. Retrieved 1 May 2017.

[Pollack-9] Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness, 1948–1991

[Race-10] 10.0 ^10.1 "The 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon: the casualties". Race & Class. 24 (4): 340–3. 1983. doi:10.1177/030639688302400404. S2CID 220910633.

[WrightTNY-11] 11.0 ^11.1 ^11.2 Robin Wright (2 August 2014). "Another Siege: Israel's War on the P.L.O." The New Yorker. Retrieved 1 June 2015.

[12] The Canadian Press (22 May 2015). "Today in History – June 3". Pacific Newspaper Group. Archived from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 1 June 2015.

[13] Harvey W. Kushner, Encyclopedia of terrorism Sage Publications (2003), p.13

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

List of modern conflicts in the Middle East
1910s	Italo-Turkish War World War I Middle Eastern theatre Battle of Robat Karim Arab Revolt Armenian genocide Assyrian genocide Mount Lebanon starvation Unification of Saudi Arabia Simko Shikak revolt 1919 Egyptian Revolution Turkish War of Independence Greco-Turkish War Turkish–Armenian War Franco-Turkish War Revolts Mahmud Barzanji revolts
1920s	Franco-Syrian War Iraqi Revolt (1920) Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine Adwan Rebellion Arab separatism in Khuzestan Great Syrian Revolt Sheikh Said rebellion
1930s	Ararat rebellion Ahmed Barzani revolt Simele massacre Saudi–Yemeni War (1934) Goharshad Mosque rebellion 1935–1936 Iraqi Shia revolts 1935 Yazidi revolt 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine Dersim rebellion
1940s	World War II Italian bombing of Palestine Allied invasion of Iraq Syria–Lebanon campaign Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran 1943 Barzani revolt Alwaziri coup Al-Wathbah uprising Kurdish separatism in Iran Iran crisis of 1946 Arab–Israeli conflict 1948 Arab–Israeli War Suez Crisis 1967 Six-Day War 1973 Yom Kippur War 1982 Lebanon War
1950s	1952 Egyptian Revolution 1953 Iranian coup d'état Jebel Akhdar War Cyprus Emergency Suez Crisis Yemeni–Adenese clan violence 1958 Lebanon crisis 1958 Iraqi revolution 1959 Mosul uprising
1960s	Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 Iraqi–Kurdish conflict First Iraqi–Kurdish War Second Iraqi–Kurdish War Dhofar Rebellion North Yemen Civil War Feb. 1963 Iraqi coup Mar. 1963 Syrian coup Nov. 1963 Iraqi coup Aden Emergency 1964 Hama riot Israeli–Palestinian conflict 1948 Palestine war First Intifada Second Intifada 1966 Syrian coup d'état
1970s	Black September in Jordan Yemenite War of 1972 Turkish invasion of Cyprus Shatt al-Arab clashes Lebanese Civil War Political violence in Turkey Islamist uprising in Syria 1977 Shia uprising in Iraq NDF Rebellion Yemenite War of 1979 Iranian Revolution Consolidation of the Iranian Revolution 1979 Qatif Uprising Grand Mosque seizure 1979–1980 Shia uprising in Iraq
1980s	Iran–Iraq War 1980 Turkish coup d'état Kurdish–Turkish conflict Turkey–PKK conflict South Yemen Civil War 1986 Egyptian conscripts riot 1986 Damascus bombings 1987 Sharjawi coup d'état attempt Mecca massacre Abu Nidal's executions
1990s	Gulf War (1990–1991) 1991 Iraqi uprisings Terror campaign in Egypt (1990s) Yemeni Civil War (1994) Iraqi Kurdish Civil War Islamic insurgency in Saudi Arabia (2000–present) Operation Desert Fox al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen 1999 Shia uprising in Iraq
2000s	Iraq War Balochi insurgency in Iran 2004 Qamishli riots Houthi insurgency in Yemen Iran–Israel proxy conflict 2006 Lebanon War Fatah–Hamas conflict South Yemen insurgency
2010s	2011 Bahraini uprising Egyptian Crisis Sinai insurgency Insurgency in Egypt (2013–present) Syrian civil war Turkish involvement in Syria Syrian War spillover in Lebanon Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013) War in Iraq (2013–2017) Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present) Yemeni crisis Yemeni civil war (2014–present)
2020s	2021 Beirut clashes Israel–Hamas war Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present) Red Sea crisis Iran–Israel war
This list includes World War I and later conflicts (after 1914) of at least 100 fatalities each Prolonged conflicts are listed in the decade when initiated; ongoing conflicts are marked italic, and conflicts with +100,000 killed with bold.

Authority control databases
National	United States Israel
Other	Yale LUX