The Endocardium is the innermost layer of tissue which lines the inside of the heart. It plays a role in controlling the function of the myocardium, the heart muscle. The endocardium is made of simple epithelial cells similar to those which line blood vessels.
In addition to lining the inside of the heart, the endocardium also regulates heart contractions and aids cardiac embryo development.
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| General | | Surface |
- base
- apex
- sulci
- coronary
- interatrial
- anterior interventricular
- posterior interventricular
- borders
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| Internal |
- atria
- interatrial septum
- pectinate muscles
- terminal sulcus
- ventricles
- interventricular septum
- trabeculae carneae
- chordae tendineae
- papillary muscle
- valves
- cusps
- atrioventricular septum
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- cardiac skeleton
- intervenous tubercle
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| Chambers | | Right heart |
- (venae cavae, coronary sinus) → right atrium (atrial appendage, fossa ovalis, limbus of fossa ovalis, crista terminalis, valve of inferior vena cava, valve of coronary sinus) → tricuspid valve → right ventricle (infundibulum, moderator band/septomarginal trabecula, crista supraventricularis), → pulmonary valve → (pulmonary artery and pulmonary circulation)
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| Left heart |
- (pulmonary veins) → left atrium (atrial appendage) → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve (aortic sinus) → (aorta and systemic circulation)
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| Layers | | Endocardium | |
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| Myocardium |
- Conduction system
- cardiac pacemaker
- SA node
- Bachmann's bundle
- AV node
- bundle of His
- bundle branches
- Purkinje fibers
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| Pericardial cavity | |
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| Pericardium |
- fibrous pericardium
- sternopericardial ligaments
- serous pericardium
- fold of left vena cava
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| Blood supply | |
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Authority control databases |
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| National | |
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| Other | |
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