Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami
Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh Islamic Party বাংলাদেশ জামায়াতে ইসলামী | |
|---|---|
| President | Shafiqur Rahman |
| Founder | Abbas Ali Khan (Joypurhat) |
| Founded | 1941[1] |
| Banned | 1 August 2013 |
| Headquarters | Mogbazar, Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| Student wing | Bangladesh Islami Chhatra Shibir |
| Ideology | Islamism Social conservatism Islamic democracy |
| Political position | Right-wing to far-right[2][3] |
| Party flag | |
| Website | |
| jamaat-e-islami | |
Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami[4] is the biggest Islamic political party in Bangladesh.
The party started from Jamaat-e-Islami, made by Abul A'la Maududi in 1941. Before, Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan did not want Bangladesh to be free from Pakistan.
When Bangladesh became free in 1971, the new government stopped Jamaat-e-Islami and all religion-based parties. After Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was killed in 1975, the ban was removed. In 1979, Ziaur Rahman’s government allowed Jamaat-e-Islami to do politics again.[5]
In the 1980s, Jamaat joined a group of parties to bring back democracy against Hussain Muhammad Ershad. Later, it worked with the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), and its leaders became ministers in BNP governments (1991-1996 and 2001-2006). Awami League also worked with Jamaat in 1996 to get power.[6]
In 2008, Jamaat won two out of 300 seats in Parliament. In 2010, the Awami League government started trials for war crimes from the 1971 war. By 2012, two BNP leaders, one Jatiya Party leader, and eight Jamaat leaders were accused of war crimes. By March 2013, three Jamaat leaders were found guilty.
On 1 August 2013, the Supreme Court of Bangladesh said Jamaat-e-Islami cannot join elections. On 1 August 2024, Sheikh Hasina’s government fully banned the party.[7] But on 28 August 2024, after Sheikh Hasina’s government fell, the new government removed the ban.[8]
History
Hindustan Period (1941 - 1947)
:See Jamaat-e-Islami Hind
Pakistan Period (1948 - 1971)
: See: Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan
In 1947 East Bengal became part of Pakistan (East Pakistan) - and the Jamaat-e-Islami was divided into separate Indian and Pakistani parties. The Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh originates from the East Pakistani party. The Jamaat were against Bangladesh becoming independent from Pakistan as they thought it was against Islam. However the Jamaat were unable to stop Bangladesh becoming independent of Pakistan.
Bangladesh Period (1978 - present)
Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami was banned after independence of Bangladesh. Jamaat was banned in Bangladesh due to its opposite stand against independent Bangladesh during independence war. Jamaat wished to see united Pakistan. After independence of Bangladesh, the top leaders of Jamaat moved to West Pakistan where Jamaat-e-Islami was born. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the first president of Bangladesh, also cancelled the citizenship of Golam Azam, the leader of Jamaat. Azam then moved to London, and some other leaders moved to the Middle East. However Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was assassinated in 1975 and army chief Ziaur Rahman seized power. Rahman allowed the Jamaat to be a political party again. Rahman also allowed Azam to return to Bangladesh as the leader of Jamaat.
Election results
| Election year | Votes | % of Percentage | Seats | +/– |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | 13,14,057 | 4.60% | 10 / 300 |
|
| 1988 | Boycotted | |||
| 1991 | 4,117,737 | 12.2% | 18 / 300 |
8 |
| 1996 | 3,653,013 | 8.6 | 3 / 300 |
15 |
| 2001 | 2,385,361 | 4.28 | 17 / 300 |
14 |
| 2008 | 3,186,384 | 4.6% | 2 / 300 |
15 |
| 2014 | Party banned in 2013 | |||
| Year | Results |
|---|---|
| 1973 | Party banned because of opposition to Bangladeshi independence, as it was an Islamist party and so was a threat to Secularism, and also collaboration of some of its members with the Pakistani army. |
| 1979 | Party legalized under the name "Islamic Democratic League" Together with larger Muslim League won 20 seats. |
| 1986 | 10 seats.[9] |
| 1991 | 18 seats.[9] |
| 1996 | 3 seats.[9] |
| 2001 | 17 seats. (took part by forming alliance with 3 other parties.)[9] |
| 2008 | 2 seats.[10] (took part by forming alliance with 3 other parties.) |
| 2013 | The Bangladesh Supreme Court declared the registration of the Jamaat-e-Islami illegal, ruling that the party is unfit to contest national polls. |
References
- ↑ (in French) Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh ; Parti islamiste du Bangladesh (fondé en 1941) (interdit entre 1971 et 1978, puis en 2013 par la Cour suprême)
- ↑ Riaz, Ali (21 August 2012). Islamist Militancy in Bangladesh: A Complex Web. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-05715-3 – via Google Books.
- ↑ Dowlah, Caf (19 October 2016). The Bangladesh Liberation War, the fahim Faisal Salahuddin Regime, and Contemporary Controversies. Lexington Books. ISBN 978-1-4985-3419-2 – via Google Books.
- ↑ Islam, Sirajul; Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, eds. (2003). Banglapedia: national encyclopedia of Bangladesh. Dhaka: Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 978-984-32-0576-6.
- ↑ "Why Jamaat-e-Islami banned?". Prothom Alo. 2024-08-01. Retrieved 2025-02-21.
- ↑ "Then with AL, now with BNP". The Daily Star (Bangladesh). 2014-01-05. Retrieved 2025-02-21.
- ↑ "Jamaat condemns ban on its activities, says govt wants to 'divert attention from student movement'". The Business Standard. 2024-08-01. Retrieved 2025-02-21.
- ↑ "Govt issues gazette lifting ban on Jamaat, Shibir". The Daily Star (Bangladesh). 2024-08-28. Retrieved 2025-02-21.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Rahman, FM Mostafizur (2012). "Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
- ↑ "National Election Result 2008: Seat Wise Total Status". Archived from the original on 31 December 2011. Retrieved 26 January 2015.