Kingdom of Jerusalem
Kingdom of Jerusalem | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1099–1187 1192–1291 | |||||||||||||
Map of the Outremer, or Crusader States. | |||||||||||||
| Capital | [1] | ||||||||||||
| Official languages | Latin Old French (lingua franca) | ||||||||||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism Islam Judaism | ||||||||||||
| Government | Feudal monarchy | ||||||||||||
| King of Jerusalem | |||||||||||||
• 1099–1100 (First) | Godfrey of Bouillon | ||||||||||||
• 1285–91 (Last) | Henry II | ||||||||||||
| Historical era | High Middle Ages | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
The Kingdom of Jerusalem[a] was one of the Crusader kingdoms founded following the First Crusade by Godfrey of Bouillon.[2] It was the longest standing crusader state in the Levant.
History
The original kingdom stood from 1099 to 1187 before temporary takeover by the Ayyubids. The kingdom was recreated in 1192 after the Third Crusade in Acre.[3] The capital of the Kingdom of Jerusalem was moved from Jerusalem to Acre, though Jerusalem was partly controlled in the Sixth Crusade.[4][5]
Crusaders who ended up in Jerusalem were mostly French who spoke Old French – the region's lingua franca.[6] Most residents in the kingdom were native to the Levant, while many Europeans settled in the kingdom.
Related pages
Footnotes
- ↑ Also called the Crusader Kingdom
References
- ↑ Tyerman, Christopher (2019). The World of the Crusades. Yale University Press. p. 267. ISBN 978-0-300-21739-1.
- ↑ Tyerman, Christopher (2006). God's War: A New History of the Crusades. Penguin.
- ↑ Edbury, Peter W. (1991). The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades, 1191-1374. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- ↑ Tyerman 2006, pp. 725–726.
- ↑ Riley-Smith, The Crusades: A History, 2nd ed., pp. 180–182.
- ↑ Arteaga, Deborah L. (2012-11-02). Research on Old French: The State of the Art. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 206. ISBN 9789400747685.