List of monarchs of Iran

This is a list of monarchs of Iran.

List

Medes and Persia

Medes
Name Portrait Title Reign years
1 Deioces — Paradat 727–675 BC
2 Phraortes — — 675–653 BC
3 Cyaxares — — 625–585 BC
4 Astyages — Shahanshah 564–550 BC
Persia
Name Portrait Title Reign years
1 Teispes — 675–640 BC
2 Cyrus I — 640–580 BC
3 Cambyses I — 580–559 BC

Achaemenid Empire

Name Portrait Title Reign years
1 Cyrus the Great Shahanshah 559–530 BC
4 Cambyses II — Shahanshah 530–522 BC
5 Bardiya — Shahanshah 522–522 BC
6 Darius the Great Shahanshah 522–486 BC
7 Xerxes I Shahanshah 485–465 BC
8 Artaxerxes I Shahanshah 465–424 BC
9 Xerxes II — Shahanshah 424–424 BC
10 Darius II — Shahanshah 424–404 BC
11 Artaxerxes II — Shahanshah 404–358 BC
12 Artxerxes III Shahanshah 358–338 BC
13 Artaxerxes IV — Shahanshah 338–336 BC
14 Darius III — Shahanshah 336–330 BC
14 Artaxerxes V — Shahanshah 330–329 BC

Parthian Empire

Name Portrait Reign years
1 Arsaces I 247–217 BC
4 Arsaces II 217–191 BC
5 Priapatius 191–176 BC
6 Phraates I 170/168–165/64 BC
7 Mithridates I the Great 165–132 BC
8 Phraates II 132–127 BC
9 Artabanus I 127–124/3 BC
10 Mithridates II 124–91 BC
11 Gotarzes I 91–87/80 BC
12 Orodes I 80–75 BC
13 Sinatruces I c. 75–69 BC
14 Phraates III 69–57 BC
15 Mithridates IV 57–54 BC
16 Orodes II 57–37 BC
17 Phraates IV 37–2 BC
18 Phraates V 2 BC–4 AD
19 Musa[a] 2 BC–4 AD
20 Orodes III 4–6
21 Vonones I 8–12
21 Artabanus II 12–38/41[b]
22 Vardanes I 40–46
23 Gotarzes II[c] 40–51
24 Vonones II 51–51
25 Vologases I 51–78
26 Pacorus II 78–110
27 Vologases III 110–147
28 Vologases IV 147–191
29 Vologases V 191–208
30 Vologases VI 208–228

Sasanian Empire

Name Portrait Title Reign years
1 Ardashir I Shahanshah 224–242
2 Shapur I Shahanshah 240–270
3 Hormizd I Shahanshah 270–271
4 Bahram I Shahanshah 271–274
5 Bahram II Shahanshah 274–293
6 Bahram III — Shahanshah 293–293
7 Narseh Shahanshah 293–303
8 Hormizd II Shahanshah 303–309
9 Adur Narseh — Shahanshah 309–309
10 Shapur II Shahanshah 309–379
11 Ardashir II Shahanshah 379–383
12 Shapur III Shahanshah 383–388
13 Bahram IV Shahanshah 388–399
14 Yazdegerd I Shahanshah 399–420
15 Shapur IV — Shahanshah 420–420
16 Khosrow — Shahanshah 420–420
17 Bahram V Shahanshah 420–438
18 Yazdegerd II Shahanshah 438–457
19 Hormizd III — Shahanshah 457–459
20 Peroz I Shahanshah 459–484
21 Balash Shahanshah 484–488
22 Kavad I Shahanshah,
Kay 		488–496
23 Jamasp Shahanshah 496–498/9
24 Kavad I Shahanshah,
Kay 		498/9–531
25 Khosrow I Shahanshah 531–579
26 Hormizd IV Shahanshah 579–590
27 Khosrow II Shahanshah 590–590
28 Bahram Chobin[d] Shahanshah 590–591
29 Khosrow II Shahanshah 591–628
30 Kavad II Shahanshah 628–628
31 Ardashir III Shahanshah 628–630
32 Shahrbaraz[e] Shahanshah 630–630
33 Khosrow III Shahanshah 630–630
34 Boran — 630–630
35 Shapur V — Shahanshah 630–630
36 Peroz II — — 630–630
37 Azarmidokht — — 630–631
38 Hormizd V[f] — 630–631
39 Hormizd VI Shahanshah 630–632
40 Khosrow IV Shahanshah 630–636
41 Farrukhzad Khosrow V — Shahanshah 631–631
42 Boran — 631–631
43 Yazdegerd III Shahanshah 632–651

Safavid Empire

Name Portrait Title Reign years
Ismail I Shahanshah 1501–1524
Tahamsp I Shah 1524–1576
Ismail II Shah 1576–1577
Mohammad Khodabanda Shah,

Sultan

1578–1588
Abbas I Shah,
Zell'ollah,
Ṣāḥebqerān-e-ʿAlāʾ 		1588–1629
Safi Shah 1629–1642
Abbas II Shah 1642– 1666
Suleiman I — Shah, Sultan 1666–1694
Soltan Hoseyn Shah, Sultan 1694–1722
Tahmasp II Shah 1722–1732
Abbas III Shah,
Sahib-i-Qiran,
Sultan bar Salatin 		1732–1736
Afsharid Empire

Afsharid Empire

Name Portrait Title Reign years
1 Nader Shah Shahanshah,
Sultan bar salatin-e-jahan 		1736– 1747
2 Adel Shah — Shah 1747–1748
3 Ebrahim Afshar — Shah 1748–1749
4 Shahrokh Shah — Shah 1748–1796[g]

Zand Empire

Name Portrait Title Reign years
1 Mohammad Karim Khan Zand Vakil-e Ra'aya,
Khan 		1751– 1779
2 Mohammad Ali Khan Zand — Shah,
Khan 		1779–1779
3 Abol-Fath Khan Zand — Shah,
Khan 		1779–1779
4 Sadeq Khan Zand Shah,
Khan 		1779–1781
5 Ali-Morad Khan Zand — Shah,
Khan 		1781– 1785
6 Jafar Khan Zand Shah,
Khan 		1785–1789
7 Sayed Morad Khan Zand — Shah,
Khan 		1789–1789
8 Lotf Ali Khan Zand — Shah,
Khan 		1789–1794

Qajar Empire

Name Portrait Title Reign years
1 Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar Shah,
Khan 		1789–1797
2 Fath-Ali Shah Qajar Shahanshah,
Khaqan 		1797–1834
3 Mohammad Shah Qajar Shahanshah,
Ghazi,
Khaqan son of Khaqan 		1834–1848
4 Naser al-Din Shah Qajar Shah,
Zell'ollah,
Qebleh-ye 'ālam,
Islampanah 		1848–1896
5 Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar Shahanshah,
Sultan 		1896–1907
6 Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar Shah 1907– 1909
7 Ahmad Shah Qajar Shah 1909–1925

Pahlavi Empire

Name Portrait Title Reign years
1 Reza Shah Pahlavi Shah 1925–1941
2 Mohammad Reza Pahlavi Shahanshah Aryamehr,
Bozorg Arteshtaran 		1941– 1979

Notes

  1. ↑ Originally an Italian slave-girl, she was given as a gift to the Parthian monarch Phraates IV by the Roman Emperor Augustus.
  2. ↑ Briefly interrupted in 35.
  3. ↑ Adoptive son of Artabanus II.
  4. ↑ Bahram was a member of the House of Mihran, one of the seven Great Houses of Iran. The family was of Parthian origin, and was centered in Ray, south of Tehran, the capital of present-day Iran.
  5. ↑ Member of the House of Mihran.
  6. ↑ Hormizd was a member of the Ispahbudhan family, one of the seven Parthian clans.
  7. ↑ 1st reign: 1748–1750
    2nd reign: 1750–1796
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