The National Medal of Science is an honor given by the President of the United States. It is awarded to people in science and engineering who did important work in behavioral, social sciences, biology, chemistry, engineering, mathematics and physics.
History
The National Medal of Science was made on August 25, 1959, by an act of the Congress of the United States. The medal was to be to honor scientists in the fields of the "physical, biological, mathematical or engineering sciences".
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Behavioral and social science |
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| 1960s | |
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| 1980s | |
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| 1990s | |
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| 2000s | |
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| 2010s | |
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| 2020s |
- 2023
- Huda Akil
- Shelley E. Taylor
- 2025
- Larry Bartels
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Biological sciences |
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| 1960s | |
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| 1970s | |
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| 1980s | |
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| 1990s | |
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| 2000s | |
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| 2010s |
- 2010
- Ralph L. Brinster
- Rudolf Jaenisch
- 2011
- Lucy Shapiro
- Leroy Hood
- Sallie Chisholm
- 2012
- May Berenbaum
- Bruce Alberts
- 2013
- Rakesh K. Jain
- 2014
- Stanley Falkow
- Mary-Claire King
- Simon Levin
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| 2020s |
- 2023
- Gebisa Ejeta
- Eve Marder
- Gregory Petsko
- Sheldon Weinbaum
- 2025
- Bonnie Bassler
- Angela Belcher
- Helen Blau
- Emery N. Brown
- G. David Tilman
- Teresa Woodruff
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Chemistry |
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| 1960s | |
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| 1980s |
- 1982
- F. Albert Cotton
- Gilbert Stork
- 1983
- Roald Hoffmann
- George C. Pimentel
- Richard N. Zare
- 1986
- Harry B. Gray
- Yuan Tseh Lee
- Carl S. Marvel
- Frank H. Westheimer
- 1987
- William S. Johnson
- Walter H. Stockmayer
- Max Tishler
- 1988
- William O. Baker
- Konrad E. Bloch
- Elias J. Corey
- 1989
- Richard B. Bernstein
- Melvin Calvin
- Rudolph A. Marcus
- Harden M. McConnell
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| 1990s | |
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| 2000s |
- 2000
- John D. Baldeschwieler
- Ralph F. Hirschmann
- 2001
- Ernest R. Davidson
- Gábor A. Somorjai
- 2002
- John I. Brauman
- 2004
- Stephen J. Lippard
- 2005
- Tobin J. Marks
- 2006
- Marvin H. Caruthers
- Peter B. Dervan
- 2007
- Mostafa A. El-Sayed
- 2008
- Joanna Fowler
- JoAnne Stubbe
- 2009
- Stephen J. Benkovic
- Marye Anne Fox
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| 2010s |
- 2010
- Jacqueline K. Barton
- Peter J. Stang
- 2011
- Allen J. Bard
- M. Frederick Hawthorne
- 2012
- Judith P. Klinman
- Jerrold Meinwald
- 2013
- Geraldine L. Richmond
- 2014
- A. Paul Alivisatos
- 2025
- R. Lawrence Edwards
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Engineering sciences |
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| 1960s |
- 1962
- Theodore von Kármán
- 1963
- Vannevar Bush
- John Robinson Pierce
- 1964
- Charles S. Draper
- Othmar H. Ammann
- 1965
- Hugh L. Dryden
- Clarence L. Johnson
- Warren K. Lewis
- 1966
- Claude E. Shannon
- 1967
- Edwin H. Land
- Igor I. Sikorsky
- 1968
- J. Presper Eckert
- Nathan M. Newmark
- 1969
- Jack St. Clair Kilby
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| 1970s |
- 1970
- George E. Mueller
- 1973
- Harold E. Edgerton
- Richard T. Whitcomb
- 1974
- Rudolf Kompfner
- Ralph Brazelton Peck
- Abel Wolman
- 1975
- Manson Benedict
- William Hayward Pickering
- Frederick E. Terman
- Wernher von Braun
- 1976
- Morris Cohen
- Peter C. Goldmark
- Erwin Wilhelm Müller
- 1979
- Emmett N. Leith
- Raymond D. Mindlin
- Robert N. Noyce
- Earl R. Parker
- Simon Ramo
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| 1980s |
- 1982
- Edward H. Heinemann
- Donald L. Katz
- 1983
- Bill Hewlett
- George Low
- John G. Trump
- 1986
- Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
- Tung-Yen Lin
- Bernard M. Oliver
- 1987
- Robert Byron Bird
- H. Bolton Seed
- Ernst Weber
- 1988
- Daniel C. Drucker
- Willis M. Hawkins
- George W. Housner
- 1989
- Harry George Drickamer
- Herbert E. Grier
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| 1990s |
- 1990
- Mildred Dresselhaus
- Nick Holonyak Jr.
- 1991
- George H. Heilmeier
- Luna B. Leopold
- H. Guyford Stever
- 1992
- Calvin F. Quate
- John Roy Whinnery
- 1993
- Alfred Y. Cho
- 1994
- Ray W. Clough
- 1995
- Hermann A. Haus
- 1996
- James L. Flanagan
- C. Kumar N. Patel
- 1998
- Eli Ruckenstein
- 1999
- Kenneth N. Stevens
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| 2000s | |
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| 2010s | |
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| 2020s |
- 2023
- Subra Suresh
- 2025
- John Dabiri
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Mathematical, statistical, and computer sciences |
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| 1960s |
- 1963
- Norbert Wiener
- 1964
- Solomon Lefschetz
- H. Marston Morse
- 1965
- Oscar Zariski
- 1966
- John Milnor
- 1967
- Paul Cohen
- 1968
- Jerzy Neyman
- 1969
- William Feller
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| 1970s | |
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| 1980s |
- 1982
- Marshall H. Stone
- 1983
- Herman Goldstine
- Isadore Singer
- 1986
- Peter Lax
- Antoni Zygmund
- 1987
- Raoul Bott
- Michael Freedman
- 1988
- Ralph E. Gomory
- Joseph B. Keller
- 1989
- Samuel Karlin
- Saunders Mac Lane
- Donald C. Spencer
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| 1990s |
- 1990
- George F. Carrier
- Stephen Cole Kleene
- John McCarthy
- 1991
- Alberto Calderón
- 1992
- Allen Newell
- 1993
- Martin David Kruskal
- 1994
- John Cocke
- 1995
- Louis Nirenberg
- 1996
- Richard Karp
- Stephen Smale
- 1997
- Shing-Tung Yau
- 1998
- Cathleen Synge Morawetz
- 1999
- Felix Browder
- Ronald R. Coifman
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| 2000s | |
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| 2010s | |
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| 2020s |
- 2025
- Ingrid Daubechies
- Cynthia Dwork
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Physical sciences |
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| 1960s | |
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| 1970s |
- 1970
- Robert H. Dicke
- Allan R. Sandage
- John C. Slater
- John A. Wheeler
- Saul Winstein
- 1973
- Carl Djerassi
- Maurice Ewing
- Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
- Vladimir Haensel
- Frederick Seitz
- Robert Rathbun Wilson
- 1974
- Nicolaas Bloembergen
- Paul Flory
- William Alfred Fowler
- Linus Carl Pauling
- Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
- 1975
- Hans A. Bethe
- Joseph O. Hirschfelder
- Lewis Sarett
- Edgar Bright Wilson
- Chien-Shiung Wu
- 1976
- Samuel Goudsmit
- Herbert S. Gutowsky
- Frederick Rossini
- Verner Suomi
- Henry Taube
- George Uhlenbeck
- 1979
- Richard P. Feynman
- Herman Mark
- Edward M. Purcell
- John Sinfelt
- Lyman Spitzer
- Victor F. Weisskopf
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| 1980s | |
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| 1990s | |
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| 2000s |
- 2000
- Willis E. Lamb
- Jeremiah P. Ostriker
- Gilbert F. White
- 2001
- Marvin L. Cohen
- Raymond Davis Jr.
- Charles Keeling
- 2002
- Richard Garwin
- W. Jason Morgan
- Edward Witten
- 2003
- G. Brent Dalrymple
- Riccardo Giacconi
- 2004
- Robert N. Clayton
- 2005
- Ralph A. Alpher
- Lonnie Thompson
- 2006
- Daniel Kleppner
- 2007
- Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
- Charles P. Slichter
- 2008
- Berni Alder
- James E. Gunn
- 2009
- Yakir Aharonov
- Esther M. Conwell
- Warren M. Washington
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| 2010s | |
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| 2020s | |
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