Turkish alphabet
The Turkish alphabet is used for writing, speaking and reading in Turkish. This alphabet is modified from the Latin alphabet. There are 32 letters in the Turkish alphabet. The English letters and are not in the Turkish alphabet. Seven letters that have been changed from their original Latin forms (Ç, Ğ, Ö, Ş, and Ü) are in the Turkish alphabet
| Capital letters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A | B | C | Ç | D | E | F | G | Ğ | H | I | İ | J | K | L | M | N | O | Ö | P | Q | R | S Ş | T | U | Ü | V | W | X Y Z |
| Lower case letters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| a | b | c | ç | d | e | f | g | ğ | h | ıi | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | ö | p | q | r | s ş | t | u | ü | v | w x | y z |
There are 9 vowels in the Turkish alphabet: A, E, I, İ, O, Ö, U, Ü,Y,.
There are 23 consonants in the Turkish alphabet: B, C, Ç, D, F, G, Ğ, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q,R, S, Ş, T, V, W,X, Z.
Letters
| Letter | IPA | Name | English approximation |
Letter | IPA | Name | English approximation | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | a | /a/ | a /a/ |
As a in father | M | m | /m/ | me /meː/ |
As m in man |
| B | b | /b/ | be /beː/ |
As b in bat | N | n | /n/ | ne /neː/ |
As n in no |
| C | c | /dʒ/ | ce /dʒeː/ |
As j in job | O | o | /o/ | o /oː/ |
As o in not |
| Ç | ç | /tʃ/ | çe /tʃeː/ |
As ch in chat | Ö | ö | /œ/ | ö /œː/ |
As u in fur |
| D | d | /d/ | de /deː/ |
As d in dog | P | p | /p/ | pe /peː/ |
As p in put |
| E | e | /e/ | e /eː/ |
As e in red | R | r | /ɾ/ | re /ɾeː/ |
As r in rent |
| F | f | /f/ | fe /feː/ |
As f in far | S | s | /s/ | se /seː/ |
As s in sand |
| G | g | /g/ or /ɟ/ | ge /ɟeː/ |
As g in gap | Ş | ş | /ʃ/ | şe /ʃeː/ |
As sh in she |
| Ğ | ğ | yumuşak ge /jumuʃak ɟeː/ |
T | t | /t/ | te /teː/ |
As t in top | ||
| H | h | /h/ | he /heː/ |
As h in hot | U | u | /u/ | u /uː/ |
As oo in moose |
| I | ı | /ɯ/ | ı /ɯː/ |
Like a in about | Ü | ü | /y/ | ü /yː/ |
As u in lute |
| İ | i | /i/ | i /iː/ |
As i in machine | V | v | /v/ | ve /veː/ |
As v in valve |
| J | j | /ʒ/ | je /ʒeː/ |
As g in montage | Y | y | /j/ | ye /jeː/ |
As y in you |
| K | k | /k/ or /c/ | ke /ceː/ |
As c in cat | Z | z | /z/ | ze /zeː/ |
As z in zip |
| L | l | /ɫ/ or /l/ | le /leː/ |
As l in let | |||||