Uzbekistan

Republic of Uzbekistan
O‘zbekiston Respublikasi,
Ўзбекистон Республикаси  (Uzbek)
Emblem
Anthem: 
O‘zbekiston Respublikasining Davlat Madhiyasi,
Ўзбекистон Республикасининг Давлат Мадҳияси
"State Anthem of the Republic of Uzbekistan"
Location of Uzbekistan (green)
Capital
and largest city
Tashkent
41°19′N 69°16′E / 41.317°N 69.267°E / 41.317; 69.267
Official languagesUzbek[1][2]
Recognized national languagesRussian[3]
Recognised regional languagesKarakalpak
Ethnic groups
(2021)[4]
Demonym(s)Uzbekistani • Uzbek
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Shavkat Mirziyoyev
Abdulla Aripov
LegislatureOliy Majlis
• Upper house
Senate
• Lower house
Legislative Chamber
Formation
• Uzbek Khanate
1428–1471
• Uzbek khanates
1500–1920
• Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
30 April 1918
• Uzbek SSR
27 October 1924
31 August 1991
• Republic of Uzbekistan
1 September 1991
26 December 1991
• Current constitution
1 May 2023
Area
• Total
448,978[5] km2 (173,351 sq mi) (55th)
• Water (%)
4.9
Population
• 2024 estimate
37,535,605[6] (40th)
• Density
80.2/km2 (207.7/sq mi) (138th)
GDP (PPP)2024 estimate
• Total
 $428.657 billion[7] (57th)
• Per capita
 $11,900[8] (122th)
GDP (nominal)2024 estimate
• Total
 $112.60 billion[9] (70th)
• Per capita
 $3,050[10] (138th)
Gini (2013) 36.7[11][12]
medium
HDI (2022) 0.727[13]
high · 106th
CurrencyUzbek sum (UZS)
Time zoneUTC+5 (UZT)
Date formatdd/mm yyyyc
Driving sideright
Calling code+998
ISO 3166 codeUZ
Internet TLD.uz
Website
gov.uz
  1. Co-official in Karakalpakstan.[1]
  2. On 31 August 1991, the Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR voted to declare the country independent from the Soviet Union. The next day was declared a national holiday by the Uzbek government, and became an Independence Day.
  3. dd.mm.yyyy format is used in Cyrillic scripts, including Russian.

Uzbekistan,[a] officially the Republic of Uzbekistan,[b] is a country in Central Asia. Its capital and largest city is Tashkent. There are about 37,5[17] million people living in Uzbekistan, in 2023. The neighbouring countries are Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. It is a doubly landlocked country, of which there are only two in the world. Most people in Uzbekistan speak a language called Uzbek, a Turkic language similar to Uyghur and Turkish. In the Uzbek language, Uzbekistan is called "O‘zbekiston" and it means "the land of the true nobles". Uzbekistan has a long history. Humans first lived in Uzbekistan from before the 2nd millennium BC.[18] The current president today is Shavkat Mirziyoyev. The situation with the human rights in Uzbekistan is very bad, according to Human Rights Watch.[19]

Sunni Islam is its largest religion with Hanafi being the main school of law.

Provinces

Uzbekistan is divided into twelve provinces, one autonomous republic, and one independent city. The provinces are divided into districts.

Division Capital City Area
(km²)		 Population (2008)[20] Key
Buxoro Region Buxoro (Bukhara) 39,400 1,576,800 3
Jizzax Region Jizzax 20,500 1,090,900 5
Navoiy Region Navoiy 110,800 834,100 7
Qashqadaryo Region Qarshi 28,400 2,537,600 8
Samarqand Region Samarkand 16,400　 3,032,000 9
Sirdaryo Region Guliston 5,100 698,100 10
Surxondaryo Region Termiz 20,800 2,012,600 11
Tashkent Region Toshkent (Tashkent) 15,300　 2,537,500 12
Tashkent City Toshkent (Tashkent) ??? 2,192,700 1
Fergana Region Fergana　 6,800 2,997,400 4
Andijan Region Andijan 4,200 2,477,900 2
Namangan Region Namangan 7,900 2,196,200 6
Xorazm Region Urganch 6,300　 1,517,600 13
Qaraqalpaqstan Respublikasi Nukus 160,000 1,612,300 14

Notes

  1. ↑ Uzbek: Oʻzbekiston, Ўзбекистон, pronounced [ozbekiˈstɒn]; UK: /ʊzˌbɛkɪˈstɑːn, ʌz-, -ˈstæn/, US: /ʊzˈbɛkɪstæn, -stɑːn/ (listen) [15][16]
  2. ↑ Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi, Ўзбекистон Республикаси

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Uzbekistan: Law "On Official Language"". Refworld. Archived from the original on 8 May 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  2. ↑ "Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan". constitution.uz. Archived from the original on 15 December 2015. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  3. ↑ Russian is explicitly mentioned in the Constitution, having the status of interethnic. Russian is also the second official de facto language in the country, mainly used in businesses and politics.
  4. ↑ "Permanent population by national and / or ethnic group, urban / rural place of residence". Data.egov.uz. 2-001-1779. Archived from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 2022-09-16.
  5. ↑ "Uzbekistan". Central Intelligence Agency. 27 February 2023. Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2023 – via CIA.gov.
  6. ↑ "Demographic situation in the Republic of Uzbekistan - 9/11/2024". Statistics Agency of Uzbekistan. Archived from the original on 2 December 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
  7. ↑ "GPD of Uzbekistan 2024".
  8. ↑ "GPD per capita of Uzbekistan".
  9. ↑ "GDP, current prices".
  10. ↑ "PIB per cápita".
  11. ↑ "Income Gini coefficient". Human Development Reports. Archived from the original on 10 June 2010. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  12. ↑ "GINI index – Uzbekistan". MECOMeter – Macro Economy Meter. Archived from the original on 4 April 2015. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  13. ↑ "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. p. 275. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 2024-05-09.
  14. ↑ "2021 Report on International Religious Freedom: Uzbekistan". United States Department of State. Archived from the original on 2 June 2022. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  15. ↑ Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.
  16. ↑ Roach, Peter (2011). Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary (18th ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-15253-2. This source does not list the /-ˈstæn/ pronunciation in British English.
  17. ↑ "Uzbekistan Population (2023) - Worldometer". www.worldometers.info. Retrieved 2023-03-02.
  18. ↑ Embassy of Uzbekistan Archived 2008-07-04 at the Wayback Machine - UZBEKISTAN: PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE
  19. ↑ Uzbekistan: Human Rights Watch
  20. ↑ "Statistical Review of Uzbekistan 2008, p.176" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-11-13. Retrieved May 2, 2010.

Further reading

  • Poopak NikTalab. Sarve Samarghand (Cedar of Samarkand), continuous interpretation of Rudaki's poems, Tehran 2020, Faradid Publications {Introduction}


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