Alanine

Alanine
	; L-Alanine
Names
	IUPAC name Alanine
	Other names 2-Aminopropanoic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	338-69-2 (D-isomer) ; 56-41-7 (L-isomer) ; 302-72-7 (racemic) ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image; Zwitterion: Interactive image; Interactive image; Zwitterion: Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:16977 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL66693 ;
ChemSpider	64234 (D-isomer) ; 5735 (L-isomer) ; 582 (Racemic) ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.249
EC Number	206-126-4;
IUPHAR/BPS	720;
KEGG	C01401 ;
PubChem CID	5950;
UNII	1FU7983T0U ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID20873899 ;
	SMILES O=C(O)C(N)C; Zwitterion: O=C([O-])C([NH3+])C; O=C(O)[C@@H](N)C; Zwitterion: O=C([O-])[C@@H]([NH3+])C;
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H7NO2
Molar mass	89.09 g·mol−1
Appearance	white powder
Density	1.424 g/cm3
Melting point	258 °C (496 °F; 531 K) (sublimes)
Solubility in water	167.2 g/L (25 °C)
log P	-0.68
Acidity (pKa)	2.34 (carboxyl; H2O); 9.87 (amino; H2O);
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-50.5·10−6 cm3/mol
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

Alanine (abbreviated as Ala or A)^[3] is an α-amino acid. It has the chemical formula CH₃CH(NH₂)COOH.

The L-isomer is one of the 20 amino acids encoded by the genetic code. Its codons are GCU, GCC, GCA, and GCG. It is classified as a non-polar amino acid.^[4]

L-Alanine accounts for 7.8% of the primary structure in a sample of 1,150 proteins.^[5]^[6] Leucine is the only amino acid which is more common.

D-Alanine occurs in bacterial cell walls and in some peptide antibiotics.

References

↑ "L-alanine_msds".
↑ Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.). CRC Press. p. 5–88. ISBN 978-1498754286.
↑ Nomenclature and symbolism for amino acids and peptides. IUPAC-IUB Recommendations 1983. Pure Appl. Chem. 56 (5), 1984: 595–624.
↑ Non-polar: electrons shared so that there is no difference in electric charge between different parts of the molecule.
↑ Doolittle, R. F. (1989), "Redundancies in protein sequences", in Fasman, G. D. (ed.), Prediction of protein structures and the principles of protein conformation, New York: Plenum, pp. 599–623, ISBN 0-306-43131-9
↑ Primary structure: the exact specification of its atomic structure and its chemical bonds.

[chemsrc-1] "L-alanine_msds".

[CRC97-2] Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97th ed.). CRC Press. p. 5–88. ISBN 978-1498754286.

[3] Nomenclature and symbolism for amino acids and peptides. IUPAC-IUB Recommendations 1983. Pure Appl. Chem. 56 (5), 1984: 595–624.

[4] Non-polar: electrons shared so that there is no difference in electric charge between different parts of the molecule.

[5] Doolittle, R. F. (1989), "Redundancies in protein sequences", in Fasman, G. D. (ed.), Prediction of protein structures and the principles of protein conformation, New York: Plenum, pp. 599–623, ISBN 0-306-43131-9

[6] Primary structure: the exact specification of its atomic structure and its chemical bonds.

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