Iran–Israel war

Iran–Israel war
Part of the Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present)
From top left: The city of Tehran after Israeli strikes; damages and explosions in Tehran during the conflict; damaged building in Bat Yam.
Date13 June 2025 – 25 June 2025[b] (12 days)
Location
Iran, Israel and West Bank
Spillover countries:
Result Ceasefire
Belligerents

 Israel
 United States[a] (since 22 June 2025)
Diplomatic support:
 Argentina[1]

Defensive countries:
Commanders and leaders
Units involved
Casualties and losses
Per Israel:
29 killed[7][8][9]
3,238 injured[10]
2 Hermes drone shot down[11]
Per Iran:
61+ UAVs and cruise missiles destroyed[12]
10,000+ drones seized[13][14]
700+ alleged Mossad agents arrested[15]
5 alleged Mossad agents executed[16][17][18]		 Per Iran:
1,060 killed[19]
4,746 wounded[20]
Per HRANA:
1,190 killed[21]
4,475 injured[21]
Per Israel:
950 drones destroyed[22]
200+ ballistic missile launchers and 120+ SAM launchers destroyed[23][24]
8 AH-1 helicopters destroyed[25][26]
5 F-14 fighter jets destroyed[27][28]
2 F-5 fighter jets destroyed[29]
1 KC-707 destroyed[30]
Tens of thousands of Iranian civilians displaced[31]
9,000+ Israeli civilians displaced[32][33][34]
8,000+ Israelis homeless[35]
1 Syrian civilian killed and 1 injured[36][37]
7 Jordanian civilians injured[38]
5 Palestinian civilians injured[39]

The Iran–Israel war began following the Israeli strikes against Iran on 13 June 2025 with an operation named Operation Rising Lion.[40][41][42] This is the first time both countries went to a direct conflict since 2024 but on a massive scale. Iran responded by sending ballistic missiles against Israel (codenamed Operation True Promise III), mostly in Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.[43][44] As of 24 June, 610 were killed in Iran. 29 were killed in Israel.

This conflict happened when Israel is participating in the Gaza war, in which Iran supports the Palestinian movements and the organization Hamas. Iran has also accusing Israel of killing Palestinian civilians. Both sides once struck each others in April 2024 and another in October 2024 but escalated in 2025.[45][46] Many Iranian generals and scientists worked for the nuclear program had been killed by Israeli strikes.[47][48][49]

The United States, under U.S. President Donald Trump, has expressed concerns about the situation in the Middle East. The US is a major ally of Israel and has supported Israel for many decades, the US has participated in shooting down Iranian missiles and has officially joined the war with Israel against Iran on 22 June.[50][51][52] Before the Israeli attack, the US and Iran were negotiating over nuclear peace agreement.[53][54][55][56] Iran pulled out after the attack.[57][58] On 23 June, Iran struck an air base in Qatar to respond US' attacks the day before. In the same day Trump said that both Iran and Israel have agreed to a ceasefire,[59] although both countries have violated it later[60] and even Trump accused both[61] but since then none have attacked each other.

The Houthis, an Iran-backed movement and military organization in Yemen, has shown support for Iran ever since the attack happened. On 22 June, after the US strikes on Iran, Houthi cancelled the ceasefire that it has reached with the US made by President Trump.[62][63]

Most countries criticized Israel's first attack and had told its citizens to leave both countries in case of safety.[64][65] Israel warns that no citizens should leave the country and must stay inside the country.[66][67] Israel has began evacuating people as the situation worsen.[68] Many people claimed this war to be the first stage of the Third World War.[69][70][71]

Background

See also: Policy of Iran towards Israel

Since the 1979 Iranian revolution, the relationships between Iran and Israel changed from friends to enemies. Iran has called for a total destruction for Israel multiple times. Iran also wants to build nuclear warheads, which Israel fears that it could send a massive threat against Israel's security. During the Gaza war, Iran has accused that Israel is killing innocent people, particularly Palestinians. Making tensions rise.

On 1 April, 2024. Israel strikes Iranian embassy in Damascus, killing 12 Iranians.[72][73] Iran then responded by sending drones and missiles to Israel, Israel said it shot down 99 percent Iranian drones and ballistic missiles. On 19 April, Israel retaliated and began attacking Iranian sites and airports. Iran later told no retaliation was planned.[74][75]

The situation happened again in October where Iran bombed Israel to respond the assassination of the Iran-backed terrorist organization Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh.[76][77] Israel then responded by a bombing operation on Iran on 26 October.[78][79] This will not happen again until June 2025.

Timeline

13 June

Main article: June 2025 Israeli strikes on Iran

On 13 June 2025, Israel struck the city of Tehran in a surprise attack, heavily damaging nuclear site and civilians. Israel said the attack was to stop Iran's nuclear program.[40][80][81][82]

14 June

15 June

16 June

17 June

18 June

19 June

On 19 June, Iran struck a hospital in southern Israel as Israel struck nuclear sites in Iran, causing sereve damages.[83][84][85][86][87][88] Israel vows to intensify after Iran's attack and calls for an assassination on Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei.[85][89]Another offensive struck major cities including Tel Aviv and Be’er Sheva, damaging the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange building. Reports noted 27 missiles fired.[90]

20 June

Several missiles sent by Iran damaged Microsoft office in Israel, injuries had been reported.[91][92] A rail station in Israel was closed after that.[92] Iran then fired other 25 missiles, two people in Haifa, especially a teenager boy was injured by shrapnel and others had minor injuries.[93] In Tehran, people protested to oppose Israel.[94][95][96] During the war, a 5.1 magnitude earthquake hits northern Iran, causing significant damages.[97][98][99]

21 June

After Iran launched numerous missiles, fires broke out in Tel Aviv and Holon.[100] Also in the day an Israeli aircraft struck a residential building, killing a teenager.[100] Explosions were heard in the skies of Tehran, Najafabad, Malard, and Isfahan.[100]

22 June

Main article: United States strikes on Iranian nuclear sites

On 22 June, the United States officially joined the war with Israel against Iran and sent B-2 bombers to strike three Iranian nuclear sites, including Fordow, Natanz, and Isfahan ordered by President Trump.[50][51][52][101][102] Trump claims 1 site has been destroyed by the strikes.[103] Iran says the United States will face consequences after the attacks[103] and called the US strikes "a violation of international law".[104][105] After the strikes, the Houthis said that it had cancelled the ceasefire that made with the US in May.[62][63]

Iran launched 27 missiles at Israel with 11 sites being hit from the northern to the central coastal areas of Israel.[106][107] Damages were reported in Tel Aviv and Haifa as tens of people were injured but some had minor.[108] Many facilities hit including the Ben Gurion Airport according to Iran.[109] The IDF said that 20 warplanes dropped 30 munitions against targets like ballistic missile sites and radars in Kermanshah and Hamadan, and an air defense system in the center of Tehran.[110] Following U.S. strikes on Iran’s nuclear facilities, Iran retaliated with combined ballistic missile and drone salvoes, launching over 100 drones and several dozen missiles toward Israel. Sirens sounded across Tel Aviv, Haifa, Jerusalem, and northern regions.[111]

23 June

Israel struck six airfields from western to central regions of Iran, targeting many facilities and properties. It destroyed 15 Iranian fighter jets and helicopters. Israel also targeted missile launchers and storage facilities in the city of Kermanshah.[112] Iran shot down a Hermes 900 drone in Khorramabad.[110][113] Iran launched 15 missiles toward Israel in several cities.[114] Explosions were caught in Jerusalem, many sirens were activated for 30 minutes.[115] IDF said that most missiles were shot down by air defenses. Iranian missile hit a public square in Haifa, 3 victims had minor injured.[116]

Around 50 Israeli warplanes struck Tehran. It targeted locations like military command centers and infrastructure. Estimations shown that hundreds of IRGC fighters were killed.[117] The same day US President Trump announces that both Iran and Israel have agreed to a ceasefire[59] but Iran said no deals were made.[118]

Iranian strikes on Al Udeid Air Base

Main article: 2025 Iranian strikes on Al Udeid Air Base

On 23 June 2025, at approximately 19:39 (Arabia Standard Time), Iran struck the military base Al Udeid Air Base in Qatar in response of US' attacks on Iranian nuclear sites the day before. It was the second time Iran struck a US military site since 2020.[119][120][121]

24 June

Both Iran and Israel said they have agreed to a ceasefire made by President Trump. Still, Iran launched 20 missiles to Israel in 6 barrages, 4 people died in Beersheba and most buildings were heavily damaged.[122] Israel said Iran has violated the ceasefire and continuing striking Iran. Trump threatens Israel if they break the agreement.[123] Ultimately, both countries have violated the ceasefire[60] until 25 June when both have officially agreed to a ceasefire.[61]

Reactions

Main article: June 2025 Israeli strikes on Iran § Reactions

Countries like China, Russia, the United Kingdom, and France had told both to de-escalating the situation, also attempting to return their citizens to go to their homeland for safety.[124]

Israel

Israel has called for an assassination on Iran's Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, especially after many Iranian strikes over Tel Aviv, Jerusalem.[84][89] The Israeli government has also compared the Iranian government to Nazi regime as Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu compared Khamenei to "modern Hitler".[125]

Iran

Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei has repeatedly called for a "total destruction" for Israel and said that Israel has violated international law. Iran has also rejected US President Trump's proposal over an unconditional surrender and threatens the US if they dare to step in the war.[100][126][127][128]

United States

Donald Trump

US President Donald Trump has supported Israel's attacks on Iran and said Iran should not have nuclear weapons.[56][129][130] Trump said that he knew where Khamenei hides and is considering sending troops to the Middle East.[131] Trump claimed he has "controlled Tehran's skies" and called for an unconditional surrender for Iran, which Iran later rejected.[131][132] Trump refuses Israel's plans to kill Khamenei.[131][133][134][135][136] Many Republican individuals and congressmen are divided over Trump's decision.[137][138][139][140]

Notes

  1. ↑ The United States has began supporting Israel in defensive attack since 13 June, but has not joined the war yet until 22 June.
  2. ↑ Although the ceasefire was activated on 24 June, both countries still fought until the next day. Where both have completely agreed to the agreement.

References

  1. ↑ "Javier Milei afirma que Irán "es un enemigo de Argentina"". Infobae (in Spanish). 20 June 2025. Retrieved 21 June 2025.
  2. ↑ "France says it intercepted drones targeting Israel prior to Iran ceasefire". Reuters. Reuters. 26 June 2025.
  3. ↑ "Israel says it killed Iran's military coordinator with Hamas". BBC. 21 June 2025. Retrieved 21 June 2025.
  4. ↑ "Israel claims killing of top Iranian Quds Force commander in Qom strike". Anadolu Agency. 21 June 2025.
  5. ↑ "IRAN'S BASIJ INCREASES SECURITY, SETS UP MORE CHECKPOINTS". Iranwire. 16 June 2025. Retrieved 17 June 2025.
  6. ↑ "IRGC commander, soldier killed in Israeli attack". Al Jazeera English. 16 June 2025.
  7. ↑ "Live updates: Ceasefire status is unclear after Israel reports continued missiles from Iran". AP News. 23 June 2025.
  8. ↑ "IDF: 80-90% of Iranian missiles intercepted, but 24 Israelis killed in attacks". The Jerusalem Post. 16 June 2025. Retrieved 17 June 2025.
  9. ↑ "Woman dies of heart attack while sheltering from Iran missiles; MDA raises Haifa injury toll to 23". The Times of Israel. 20 June 2025.
  10. ↑ Fabian, Emanuel. "Medical officials say 28 people were killed, over 3,000 wounded by Iranian missiles during conflict". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 24 June 2025.
  11. ↑ "Israel says drone downed in Iran". Al Jazeera English. 18 June 2025.
  12. ↑ "Air Defense HQ: Over 60 Israeli UAVs, Missiles Destroyed by Iran". Iran Front Page. 18 June 2025.
  13. ↑ "Iran foils Israeli spy cell: +10K quadcopter drones seized". Shafaq News. 24 June 2025.
  14. ↑ "Arrest of more than 700 Zionist spies and discovery of 10,000 drones in Iran". Afghan Voice Agency. 25 June 2025.
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  19. ↑ "آمار کشته های جنگ با اسرائیل احتمالا به ۱۱۰۰ نفر میرسد" [Death toll from war with Israel likely to reach 1,100]. Gooya (Iran) (in Persian). 7 July 2025. Retrieved 8 July 2025. Saeed Ohadi, head of the Islamic Republic Martyrs Foundation and Veterans Affairs, said in a television program on Monday evening, July 7, that around 1,100 people were probably killed during the war with Israel. Ohadi said: "As of tonight (Monday), we have buried 1,060 martyrs. Considering the number of wounded people in the hospital in intensive care, and perhaps some of our loved ones whose identities have not been completed, I think we will reach the 1,100 mark.
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  111. ↑ Photos from Iran's missile attacks on Israel Retrieved 23 June 2025
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