Southern Bavarian or Southern Austro-Bavarian (German: Südbairisch) is a variety of the original Austro-Bavarian language. It is mostly spoken in Austria (Tyrol, Carinthia, and Upper Styria) and Italy (South Tyrol). There are subvariants of Southern Bavarian. Gottscheerish and Cimbrian are all Southern Bavarian dialects.
The Tyrolean dialect is spoken in North Tyrol, East Tyrol, and South Tyrol. The Tyrolean dialect is close to the dialect spoken in Ostallgäu. The Carinthian dialect is spoken in Carinthia. The Carinthian dialect has a lot of Slavic similarities and spelling. The examples of Carinthian: the High German "a" often becomes "ò" instead of "å" and "Ei" becomes "à" (Dòs wàss i nit; High German: Das weiss ich nicht).[2]
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| Anglo-Frisian | | Anglic | |
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| Frisian | | Historical forms | |
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| East Frisian |
- Ems
- Weser
- Wangerooge Frisian
- Wursten Frisian
- Harlingerland Frisian
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| North Frisian |
- Insular
- Eiderstedt
- Föhr–Amrum
- Heligolandic
- Sylt
- Mainland
- Bökingharde
- Halligen
- Goesharde
- Northern
- Central
- Southern
- Karrharde
- Strand
- Wiedingharde
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| West Frisian |
- Hindeloopen
- Schiermonnikoog
- Westlauwers–Terschellings
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| Low German | | Historical forms | |
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| West Low German |
- Dutch Low Saxon
- Stellingwarfs
- Tweants
- Gronings
- Drèents
- Gelders-Overijssels
- Urkers
- Veluws
- Northern Low Saxon
- Eastphalian
- Westphalian
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| East Low German |
- Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch
- Brandenburgisch
- Central Pomeranian
- East Pomeranian
- Low Prussian
- Plautdietsch / Mennonite Low German
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| Low Franconian | | Historical forms | |
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| Standard variants | |
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| West Low Franconian |
- Central Dutch
- West Flemish
- Zeelandic
- East Flemish
- Brabantian
- Kleverlandish
- Surinamese Dutch
- Jersey Dutch
- Mohawk Dutch
- Stadsfries/Bildts/Amelands/Midslands
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| East Low Franconian | |
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High German (German) | |
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| North | | Historical forms | |
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| West | |
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| East |
- Swedish
- Swedish dialects
- Rinkebysvenska
- Danish
- Danish dialects
- Insular Danish
- Jutlandic
- East Danish
- Bornholmsk
- Scanian (historically)
- Southern Schleswig Danish
- Gøtudanskt
- Perkerdansk
- Old Danish
- Middle Danish
- Dalecarlian
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- Gutnish
- Mainland Gutnish
- Fårö Gutnish
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| East | |
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Philology |
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| Language subgroups |
- Northwest
- Gotho-Nordic
- South
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| Reconstructed |
- Proto-Germanic
- Proto-Germanic grammar
- Germanic parent language
- Ancient Belgian language
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| Diachronic features |
- Grimm's law
- Verner's law
- Holtzmann's law
- Sievers's law
- Kluge's law
- Germanic substrate hypothesis
- West Germanic gemination
- High German consonant shift
- Germanic a-mutation
- Germanic umlaut
- Germanic spirant law
- Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law
- Great Vowel Shift
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| Synchronic features |
- Germanic verb
- Germanic strong verb
- Germanic weak verb
- Preterite-present verb
- Grammatischer Wechsel
- Indo-European ablaut
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- Italics indicate extinct languages
- Languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left.
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