Uthmaniyya

The Uthmaniyya (Arabic: عثمانیه, romanized: ʿUthmāniyya) were adherents of an early Islamic doctrinal stance which originated in the aftermath of Caliph Uthman's assassination in 656 CE. The Uthmaniyya continued to support the deceased caliph and sought revenge for his murder.[1] The Battle of the Camel (656 CE) and the Battle of Siffin (657 CE) occurred while ʿUthmāniyyas fought ʿAlīds.[2]

According to Isma'ili Shi'as, the Uthmaniyya had accepted the verdict of the arbitrators appointed at Siffin and held that Uthman had been murdered unjustly. Consequently, they repudiated the rebellion against Uthman and the resulting caliphate of Ali. In addition to the partisans of Mu'awiya I, the Uthmaniyya included the upholders of the principles of the early caliphate, the rights of the non-Hashemid early companions of the Prophet Muhammad to the caliphate. The Uthmaniyya adopted their own anti-Shi'a policies such as the cursing of Ali from the pulpits after Friday prayers, a policy instituted by Mu'awiya.[3]

Amr ibn al-As, Mu'awiya bin Hudayj, the Egyptian Uthmaniyya, and a bulk of the Syrians were responsible for the killing of Kinana ibn Bishr, the assassin of Uthman, and his men, which comprised the vanguard of Muhammad bin Abi Bakr, at al-Musannat.[4]

In Yemen, the Uthmaniyya withheld their alms tax to Ali and joined the rebels of Sana'a.[5] They also protested Ali’s appointing of Ubayd Allah bin al-'Abbas and Sa’id bin Nimran.[5]

References

  1. ↑ Kenney, Jeffrey T. (12 October 2006). Muslim Rebels: Kharijites and the Politics of Extremism in Egypt. Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 978-0-19-513169-7.
  2. ↑ Ghobadzadeh, Naser; Qubādzādah, Nāṣir (2023). Theocratic Secularism: Religion and Government in Shi'i Thought. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-760679-7.
  3. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2024-01-26. Retrieved 2024-01-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. ↑ Madelung, Wilferd (1997). The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-64696-3.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Madelung, Wilferd (1997). The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-64696-3.
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