1580
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| Millennium |
| 2nd millennium |
| Centuries |
| Decades |
| Years |
| 1580 by topic |
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| Arts, history, and science |
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| Countries |
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| Lists of leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
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| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
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| Works category |
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| Gregorian calendar | 1580 MDLXXX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2333 |
| Armenian calendar | 1029 ԹՎ ՌԻԹ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6330 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1501–1502 |
| Bengali calendar | 987 |
| Berber calendar | 2530 |
| English Regnal year | 22 Eliz. 1 – 23 Eliz. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2124 |
| Burmese calendar | 942 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7088–7089 |
| Chinese calendar | 己卯年 (Earth Rabbit) 4276 or 4216 — to — 庚辰年 (Metal Dragon) 4277 or 4217 |
| Coptic calendar | 1296–1297 |
| Discordian calendar | 2746 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1572–1573 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5340–5341 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1636–1637 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1501–1502 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4680–4681 |
| Holocene calendar | 11580 |
| Igbo calendar | 580–581 |
| Iranian calendar | 958–959 |
| Islamic calendar | 987–988 |
| Japanese calendar | Tenshō 8 (天正８年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1499–1500 |
| Julian calendar | 1580 MDLXXX |
| Korean calendar | 3913 |
| Minguo calendar | 332 before ROC 民前332年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 112 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2122–2123 |
| Tibetan calendar | ས་མོ་ཡོས་ལོ་ (female Earth-Hare) 1706 or 1325 or 553 — to — ལྕགས་ཕོ་འབྲུག་ལོ་ (male Iron-Dragon) 1707 or 1326 or 554 |
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1580 (MDLXXX) was a leap year starting on Friday in the Julian calendar.
Events
- March 1 – Michel de Montaigne signs the preface to his most significant work, Essays. They are published later the same year.
- June 11 – Juan de Garay founds Buenos Aires.
- June 25 – Publication of the Book of Concord, a collection of Lutheran confessional documents.
- July 12 – Publication of the Ostrog Bible, the first complete printed Bible in a Slavic language.
- September 26 – Sir Francis Drake circumnavigated the globe
- Portugal loses independence to Spain following the death without heirs of king Henry of Portugal. The Habsburg rule would last until 1640.
- Yermak entered Siberia with a band of 1636 men. Russia begins the conquest of Siberia.
- Khorasan Wars were fought between Abbas the Great and his father king Mohammed Khodabandeh.