Parametric statistics is a branch of statistics. It assumes that in the unknown population, the observations follow a probability distribution. Most of the parameters of the distribution are assumed to be known. Most methods of statistical analysis are of this type.[1] Jacob Wolfowitz was the first to use the term:
- Most of these developments have this feature in common, that the distribution functions of the various stochastic variables which enter into their problems are assumed to be of known functional form, and the theories of estimation and of testing hypotheses are theories of estimation of and of testing hypotheses about, one or more parameters. . ., the knowledge of which would completely determine the various distribution functions involved. We shall refer to this situation. . .as the parametric case, and denote the opposite case, where the functional forms of the distributions are unknown, as the non-parametric case.[2]
References
- ↑ D. R. Cox (2006). Principles of Statistical Inference. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521685672.
- ↑ Jacob Wolfowitz (1942). Additive Partition Functions and a Class of Statistical Hypotheses. Vol. 13. p. 264.
|
|---|
|
|
|---|
| Continuous data | |
|---|
| Count data | |
|---|
| Summary tables | |
|---|
| Dependence | |
|---|
| Graphics |
- Bar chart
- Biplot
- Box plot
- Control chart
- Correlogram
- Fan chart
- Forest plot
- Histogram
- Pie chart
- Q–Q plot
- Run chart
- Scatter plot
- Stem-and-leaf display
- Radar chart
- Violin plot
|
|---|
|
|
|
|---|
| Study design |
- Population
- Statistic
- Effect size
- Statistical power
- Optimal design
- Sample size determination
- Replication
- Missing data
|
|---|
| Survey methodology | |
|---|
| Controlled experiments | |
|---|
| Adaptive Designs |
- Adaptive clinical trial
- Up-and-Down Designs
- Stochastic approximation
|
|---|
| Observational Studies |
- Cross-sectional study
- Cohort study
- Natural experiment
- Quasi-experiment
|
|---|
|
|
|
|---|
| Statistical theory | |
|---|
| Frequentist inference | | Point estimation |
- Estimating equations
- Unbiased estimators
- Mean-unbiased minimum-variance
- Rao–Blackwellization
- Lehmann–Scheffé theorem
- Median unbiased
- Plug-in
|
|---|
| Interval estimation | |
|---|
| Testing hypotheses |
- 1- & 2-tails
- Power
- Uniformly most powerful test
- Permutation test
- Multiple comparisons
|
|---|
| Parametric tests |
- Likelihood-ratio
- Score/Lagrange multiplier
- Wald
|
|---|
|
|---|
| Specific tests | | | Goodness of fit | |
|---|
| Rank statistics |
- Sign
- Signed rank (Wilcoxon)
- Rank sum (Mann–Whitney)
- Nonparametric anova
- 1-way (Kruskal–Wallis)
- 2-way (Friedman)
- Ordered alternative (Jonckheere–Terpstra)
|
|---|
|
|---|
| Bayesian inference | |
|---|
|
|
|
|---|
| Correlation | |
|---|
| Regression analysis |
- Errors and residuals
- Regression validation
- Mixed effects models
- Simultaneous equations models
- Multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS)
|
|---|
| Linear regression | |
|---|
| Non-standard predictors |
- Nonlinear regression
- Nonparametric
- Semiparametric
- Isotonic
- Robust
- Heteroscedasticity
- Homoscedasticity
|
|---|
| Generalized linear model | |
|---|
| Partition of variance |
- Analysis of variance (ANOVA, anova)
- Analysis of covariance
- Multivariate ANOVA
- Degrees of freedom
|
|---|
|
|
Categorical / Multivariate / Time-series / Survival analysis |
|---|
| Categorical |
- Cohen's kappa
- Contingency table
- Graphical model
- Log-linear model
- McNemar's test
- Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel statistics
|
|---|
| Multivariate |
- Regression
- Manova
- Principal components
- Canonical correlation
- Discriminant analysis
- Cluster analysis
- Classification
- Structural equation model
- Multivariate distributions
|
|---|
| Time-series | | General |
- Decomposition
- Trend
- Stationarity
- Seasonal adjustment
- Exponential smoothing
- Cointegration
- Structural break
- Granger causality
|
|---|
| Specific tests |
- Dickey–Fuller
- Johansen
- Q-statistic (Ljung–Box)
- Durbin–Watson
- Breusch–Godfrey
|
|---|
| Time domain |
- Autocorrelation (ACF)
- Cross-correlation (XCF)
- ARMA model
- ARIMA model (Box–Jenkins)
- Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH)
- Vector autoregression (VAR)
|
|---|
| Frequency domain | |
|---|
|
|---|
| Survival | | Survival function |
- Kaplan–Meier estimator (product limit)
- Proportional hazards models
- Accelerated failure time (AFT) model
- First hitting time
|
|---|
| Hazard function | |
|---|
| Test | |
|---|
|
|---|
|
|
Applications |
|---|
| Biostatistics | |
|---|
| Engineering statistics |
- Chemometrics
- Methods engineering
- Probabilistic design
- Process / quality control
- Reliability
- System identification
|
|---|
| Social statistics | |
|---|
| Spatial statistics |
- Cartography
- Environmental statistics
- Geographic information system
- Geostatistics
- Kriging
|
|---|
|
|