Federation

A federation is a union of a number of self-governing states or regions, which are joined together under a central government. The central government is not able to do a lot of things that central government in more centralized states can. These things are done by the states (or regions) in a federalized state.

The United States of America is a federation. The federal (central) government has the highest executive role. However, state governments can exercise any powers as long as those powers are not assigned to the federal government (by the United States Constitution) and if those powers are not prohibited by the states themselves.

Australia became a Federation in 1901.

After the 1971 civil war, Pakistan became a Federation adopted in the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan.

Other examples of federal states are Austria, Belgium (since 1993), Canada, Germany, Russia and Switzerland.

List of constituents by federation

The federated units in the table below have inherent governmental authority in the federation's constitutional system, while the "other units" are delegated authority by the federal government or are administered directly by it.

Further information: Federal district and Federal territory
Federation Federated units Other units
 Argentina[1] 23 provinces:
  •  Buenos Aires
  • Template:Country data Catamarca
  • Template:Country data Chaco
  •  Chubut
  • Template:Country data Córdoba
  • Template:Country data Corrientes
  •  Entre Ríos
  • Template:Country data Formosa
  • Template:Country data Jujuy
  • Template:Country data La Pampa
  • Template:Country data La Rioja (Argentina)
  • Template:Country data Mendoza
  • Template:Country data Misiones
  •  Neuquén
  • Template:Country data Río Negro (Argentina)
  • Template:Country data Salta
  • Template:Country data San Juan
  • Template:Country data San Luis
  • Template:Country data Santa Cruz
  •  Santa Fe
  • Template:Country data Santiago del Estero
  • Template:Country data Tierra del Fuego
  • Template:Country data Tucumán
 1 autonomous city:
  • Template:Country data Buenos Aires[A]
 Australia[2] 6 states:
3 internal territories:
7 external territories:
 Austria[3] 9 states:
 Belgium[4] 3 regions:[B]
3 communities:[C]
  • Template:Country data Flemish Community
  • Template:Country data French Community
  • Template:Country data German-speaking Community
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2 entities:[D]
1 self-governing district:
The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is itself a federation of 10 cantons:
  • Una-Sana
  • Posavina
  • Tuzla
  • Zenica-Doboj
  • Bosnian Podrinje
  • Central Bosnia
  • Herzegovina-Neretva
  • West Herzegovina
  • Sarajevo[A]
  • Canton 10[5]
 Brazil[6] 26 states:
1 federal district:
 Canada[7] 10 provinces:
3 territories:
 Ethiopia[8] 12 regions:
2 chartered cities:
 Germany[9] 16 states:
 India[10] 28 states:
8 union territories:
 Iraq[11] 18 (official) governorates:
1 federal region:
  •  Kurdistan Region[G] (overlaps the area of Duhok, Erbil, and Sulaymaniyah—including Halabja—governorates)
 Malaysia[12] 13 states:
3 federal territories:
  • Template:Country data Putrajaya
  •  Kuala Lumpur[A]
  • Template:Country data Labuan
 Mexico[13] 31 states:
1 autonomous city:
 Micronesia[14] 4 states:
  •  Chuuk
  • Template:Country data Kosrae
  •  Pohnpei
  •  Yap
   Nepal 7 provinces:
 Nigeria[15] 36 states:
1 territory:
 Pakistan[16] 4 provinces:
2 autonomous territories:[D]
1 federal territory:

Template:Country data Islamabad[A]

 Russia[17][18] 45 oblasts:
20 republics:[D]
9 krais:
4 autonomous okrugs:[D]
2 federal cities:
1 autonomous oblast:[D]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 1 autonomous island:
  • Template:Country data Nevis
 Saint Kitts:
 Somalia[19][20] 6 federal member states:[H]
 South Sudan 10 states:[21]
  • Central Equatoria
  • Eastern Equatoria
  • Jonglei
  • Lakes
  • Northern Bahr el Ghazal
  • Unity
  • Upper Nile
  • Warrap
  • Western Bahr el Ghazal
  • Western Equatoria
 3 administrative areas:[21]
  • Abyei[F]
  • Greater Pibor
  • Ruweng
 Sudan[22] 18 states:
  • Blue Nile
  • Central Darfur
  • East Darfur
  • Gezira
  • Kassala
  • Khartoum[A]
  • North Darfur
  • North Kordofan
  • Northern
  • Al Qadarif
  • Red Sea
  • Sennar
  • South Darfur
  • South Kordofan
  • River Nile
  • West Darfur
  • West Kordofan
  • White Nile
 1 special administrative status area:[23]
  Switzerland[24] 26 cantons:
 United Arab Emirates[25] 7 emirates:
 United States[26] 50 states:
1 federal district:
1 incorporated territory:
13 unincorporated territories:
  •  American Samoa
  •  Guam
  •  Northern Mariana Islands
  •  Puerto Rico
  •  U.S. Virgin Islands
  • Minor outlying islands:
 Venezuela[27] 23 states:
  • Amazonas
  • Template:Country data Anzoátegui
  • Template:Country data Apure
  •  Aragua
  • Template:Country data Barinas
  • Template:Country data Bolívar
  • Template:Country data Carabobo
  • Template:Country data Cojedes
  • Template:Country data Delta Amacuro
  • Template:Country data Falcón
  • Template:Country data Guárico
  • Template:Country data Lara
  • Template:Country data Mérida
  • Template:Country data Miranda
  • Template:Country data Monagas
  • Template:Country data Nueva Esparta
  • Template:Country data Portuguesa
  • Template:Country data Sucre
  • Template:Country data Táchira
  • Template:Country data Trujillo
  • Template:Country data Vargas
  • Template:Country data Yaracuy
  • Template:Country data Zulia

Argentina

Argentina is divided into 23 provinces (provincias; singular: provincia), and 1 city (commonly known as capital federal):

  1. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires*
  2. Buenos Aires (Province)
  3. Catamarca
  4. Chaco
  5. Chubut
  6. Córdoba
  7. Corrientes
  8. Entre Ríos
  9. Formosa
  10. Jujuy
  11. La Pampa
  12. La Rioja
  1. Mendoza
  2. Misiones
  3. Neuquén
  4. Río Negro
  5. Salta
  6. San Juan
  7. San Luis
  8. Santa Cruz
  9. Santa Fe
  10. Santiago del Estero
  11. Tierra del Fuego
  12. Tucumán

Australia

States

Areas Abbreviation Capital
 New South Wales NSW Sydney
 Queensland QLD Brisbane
 South Australia SA Adelaide
 Tasmania TAS Hobart
 Victoria VIC Melbourne
 Western Australia WA Perth

Territories

Mainland

Territory Abbreviation Capital
 Australian Capital Territory ACT Canberra
 Jervis Bay Territory JBT
 Northern Territory NT Darwin

From 1926 to 1931, Central Australia existed as a separate territory between the 20th and 26th parallels of latitude, before being becoming a part of the Northern Territory again.

Overseas territories

Former

  • Territory of North Australia (1927-31)
  • Territory of Central Australia (1927-31)
  • Territory of Papua (1902-49)
  • Territory of New Guinea (1920-49)
  • Territory of Papua and New Guinea (1949-72)

Austria

Official flag State
(Bundesland) 		German name Location Population
(2021) 		Area (km²) Density
(p./km²) 		Capital
Burgenland Burgenland 296,000 3,965 75 Eisenstadt
Carinthia Kärnten 562,000 9,537 59 Klagenfurt
Lower Austria Niederösterreich 1,691,000 19,180 88 Sankt Pölten
Salzburg(erland) Salzburg 561,000 7,155 78 Salzburg
Styria Steiermark 1,247,000 16,399 76 Graz
Tyrol Tirol 760,000 12,648 60 Innsbruck
Upper Austria Oberösterreich 1,496,000 11,983 125 Linz
Vienna Wien 1,921,000 415 4,629 Vienna (Wien)
Vorarlberg Vorarlberg 399,000 2,602 153 Bregenz

Belgium

Province Antwerp Limburg Flemish Brabant East Flanders West Flanders
Dutch name Antwerpen Limburg Vlaams Brabant Oost-Vlaanderen West-Vlaanderen
French name Anvers Limbourg Brabant flamand Flandre orientale Flandre occidentale
German name Antwerpen Limburg Flämisch-Brabant Ostflandern Westflandern
Location
Flag
Coat of Arms
HASC[28] BE.AN BE.LI BE.VB BE.OV BE.WV
FIPS[28] BE01 BE05 BE12 BE08 BE09
ISO 3166-2 VAN VLI VBR VOV VWV
Postal codes 2000-2999 3500-3999 1500-1999, 3000-3499 9000-9999 8000-8999
Area 2860 km²
21.15% of Flanders
9.38% of Belgium 		2414 km²
17.85% of Flanders
7.92% of Belgium 		2106 km²
15.57% of Flanders
6.91% of Belgium 		2982.24 km²
22.12% of Flanders
9.81% of Belgium 		3151 km²
23.30% of Flanders
10.33% of Belgium
Highest point Beerzelberg (55 m) Remersdaal (288 m) Walshoutem (137 m) Hottondberg (150 m)[29]
Pottelberg (157 m)[30] 		Kemmelberg (156 m)
Subdivisions 3 Arrondissements
70 municipalities
 3 Arrondissements
44 municipalities
 2 Arrondissements
65 municipalities
 6 Arrondissements
65 municipalities
 8 Arrondissements
64 municipalities
Capital[28] Antwerpen Hasselt Leuven Gent Brugge
Population 1,682,683
28% of Flanders 		805,786
13% of Flanders 		1,037,786
17% of Flanders 		1,389,199
23% of Flanders 		1,130,040
19% of Flanders
Density 587 / km² 333 / km² 493 / km² 459 / km² 362 / km²
Governor Cathy Berx Herman Reynders Lode De Witte Jan Briers Carl Decaluwé
Government N-VA, CD&V, sp.a CD&V, sp.a-Groen, Open Vld CD&V, Open Vld, sp.a., Groen CD&V, Open Vld, sp.a CD&V, sp.a, Open Vld
Website Official page Official page Archived 1996-12-24 at the Wayback Machine Official page Archived 2006-08-09 at the Wayback Machine Official page Official page
Province Hainaut Walloon Brabant Namur Liège Luxembourg
French name Hainaut Brabant wallon Namur Liège Luxembourg
German name Hennegau Wallonisch-Brabant Namur Lüttich Luxemburg
Dutch name Henegouwen Waals Brabant Namen Luik Luxemburg
Location
Flag
Coat of Arms
HASC[28] BE.HT BE.BW BE.NA BE.LG BE.LX
FIPS[28] BE03 BE10 BE07 BE04 BE06
Area 3800 km²
22.56% of Wallonia
12.44% of Belgium 		1093 km²
6.49% of Wallonia
3.58% of Belgium 		3664 km²
21.75% of Wallonia
11.99% of Belgium 		3844 km²
22.82% of Wallonia
12.58% of Belgium 		4443 km²
26.38% of Wallonia
14.54% of Belgium
Subdivisions 7 Arrondissements
69 municipalities
 1 Arrondissement
27 municipalities
 3 Arrondissements
38 municipalities
 4 Arrondissements
84 municipalities
 5 Arrondissements
44 municipalities
Capital[28] Mons Wavre Namur Liège Arlon
Population 1,309,880
37% of Wallonia 		379,515
11% of Wallonia 		472,281
13% of Wallonia 		1,067,685
31% of Wallonia 		269,023
8% of Wallonia
Density 345 / km² 347 / km² 129 / km² 277 / km² 60 / km²
Governor Tommy Leclercq Gilles Mahieu Denis Mathen Hervé Jamar Olivier Schmitz
Government PS, MR MR, PS MR, cdH PS, MR cdH, PS
Website Official page Official page Official page Official page Official page Archived 2011-02-16 at the Wayback Machine

Because the German-speaking Community is found in the Province of Liège, people want a third province: the Province of Eupen-Sankt Vith, which would be made up of the 9 municipalities of the German-speaking Community.

Brazil

Center-West Region

References

  1. ↑ Daniel, Kate; Special Broadcasting Service Corporation (2008). SBS World Guide: The Complete Fact File on Every Country, 16th ed. Prahran, Victoria, Australia: Hardie Grant Books. p. 827. ISBN 978-1-74066-648-0. p26. Archived from the original on 2021-07-27. Retrieved 2020-11-11.
  2. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p38
  3. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p46
  4. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p74
  5. ↑ "Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina on Canton 10". Constitutional Court of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Archived from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
  6. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p101
  7. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p132
  8. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p239
  9. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p275
  10. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p328
  11. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p346
  12. ↑ "CONSTITUTION (AMENDMENT) ACT 2022" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. January 25, 2022. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 28, 2023. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
  13. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p481
  14. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p486
  15. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p537
  16. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p549
  17. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p600
  18. ↑ "Chapter 3. The Federal Structure: Article 65". The Constitution of the Russian Federation. Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2010-07-11.
  19. ↑ "The Federal Republic of Somalia – Harmonized Draft Constitution" (PDF). Federal Republic of Somalia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
  20. ↑ "Guidebook to the Somali Draft Provisional Constitution". Archived from the original on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Mednick, Sam (2020-02-23). "After 6 years of war, will peace finally come to South Sudan? | News". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 2020-08-20. Retrieved 2021-12-07.
  22. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p687
  23. ↑ "Sudan: Protocol on the resolution of Abyei conflict – Sudan". ReliefWeb. 26 May 2004. Archived from the original on 2021-10-21. Retrieved 2021-10-21.
  24. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p700
  25. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p760
  26. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p774
  27. ↑ SBS World Guide 2008, p798
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 28.5 "Province of Belgium". statoids.com.
  29. ↑ "Hottondberg". peakbagger.com.
  30. ↑ "Oost-Vlaanderen". vakantielandbelgie.nl. Archived from the original on 2009-06-03. Retrieved 2008-11-23.


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